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SYNONYMS: |
Chemotrim; Idotrim; Monotrim;
Primosept; Primsol; Proloprim; 2,4-Diamino-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl) |
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CAS NO.: |
738-70-5 |
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EINECS NO.: |
212-006-2 |
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FORMULA: |
C14H18N4O3 |
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H.S. CODE: |
2933.59.90 |
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CLASS NO.: |
N/A |
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UN NO.: |
N/A |
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NFPA: |
1-1-0-E |
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DESCRIPTION: |
white to yellowish powder. |
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APPLICATION |
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Trimethoprim, an antibacterial drug, is a bacterial dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor used as a prophylactic or to treat various bacterial infections particularly urinary tract infections such as Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella species as well as Pneumocystis carinii and traveler's diarrhea. |
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SPECIFICATION & PACKING |
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BP/EP/CP/USP APPEARANCE: white to yellowish powder ASSAY: 99.0 - 101.0% LOSS ON DRYING: 0.5% max RELATED SUBSTANCE: 0.2% max PARTICLE SIZE: 80 - 100 (mesh Packing: 25kg/drum Storage: Keep container tightly closed. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area. Sensitive to light. Store in light-resistant containers. |
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RAW MATERIAL: |
N/A |
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END GOODS: |
N/A |
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REMARKS: |
N/A |
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MATERIAL SAFE DATA SHEETS |
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Section 1: Chemical Product and Company Identification
Product Name: Trimethoprim
CAS#: 738-70-5
Synonym: Trimopan; Trimpex; Trimanyl;
2,4-Diamino-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)pyrimidine
Chemical Name: Trimethoprim
Chemical Formula: C14-H18-N4-O3
Section 2: Composition and Information on Ingredients
Composition:
Name CAS # % by Weight
Trimethoprim 738-70-5 100
Toxicological
Data on Ingredients: Trimethoprim: ORAL (LD50): Acute: >5300
mg/kg [Rat]. 2764 mg/kg [Mouse].
Section 3: Hazards Identification
Potential Acute Health Effects: Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation.
Potential Chronic Health Effects:
CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available.
MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Mutagenic for bacteria and/or yeast.
TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available.
DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available.
The substance may be toxic to blood, bone marrow.
Repeated or
prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage.
Section 4: First Aid Measures
Eye Contact:
Check for and remove any contact lenses. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Cold water may be used. WARM water MUST be used. Get medical attention if irritation
occurs.
Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Get medical attention if irritation develops.
Serious Skin Contact: Not available.
Inhalation:
If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention.
Serious Inhalation: Not available.
Ingestion:
Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an
unconscious person. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. Get medical attention if
symptoms appear.
Serious
Ingestion: Not available.
Section 5: Fire and Explosion Data
Flammability of the Product: May be combustible at high temperature.
Auto-Ignition Temperature: Not available.
Flash Points: Not available.
Flammable Limits: Not available.
Products of Combustion: These products are carbon oxides (CO, CO2), nitrogen oxides (NO, NO2...).
Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances:
Slightly flammable to flammable in presence of heat.
Non-flammable in presence of shocks.
Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances:
Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not available.
Risks of explosion of the product in presence of static discharge: Not available.
Fire Fighting Media and Instructions:
SMALL FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder.
LARGE FIRE: Use water spray, fog or foam. Do not use water jet.
Special Remarks on Fire Hazards:
As with most organic solids, fire is possible at elevated temperatures.
When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides.
Special
Remarks on Explosion Hazards: Not available.
Section 6: Accidental Release Measures
Small Spill:
Use appropriate tools to put the spilled solid in a convenient waste disposal container. Finish cleaning by
spreading water on the contaminated surface and dispose of according to local and regional authority
requirements.
Large Spill:
Use a
shovel to put the material into a convenient waste disposal container. Finish
cleaning by spreading water on the contaminated surface and allow to evacuate
through the sanitary system.
Section 7: Handling and Storage
Precautions:
Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Ground all equipment containing material. Do not
ingest. Do not breathe dust. Wear suitable protective clothing. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Keep away from incompatibles such as oxidizing agents.
Storage:
Keep container tightly closed. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area. Sensitive to light. Store in
light-resistant
containers.
Section 8: Exposure Controls/Personal Protection
Engineering Controls:
Use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to keep airborne levels below
recommended exposure limits. If user operations generate dust, fume or mist, use ventilation to keep exposure to airborne contaminants below the exposure limit.
Personal Protection: Safety glasses. Lab coat. Dust respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent.
Gloves.
Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill:
Splash goggles. Full suit. Dust respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be used to avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handling this product.
Exposure
Limits: Not available.
Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties
Physical state and appearance: Solid. (Crystalline powder.)
Odor: Odorless.
Taste: Bitter.
Molecular Weight: 290.32 g/mole
Color: White. Off-white.
pH (1% soln/water): Not available.
Boiling Point: Not available.
Melting Point: 199°C (390.2°F)
Critical Temperature: Not available.
Specific Gravity: Not available.
Vapor Pressure: Not applicable.
Vapor Density: Not available.
Volatility: Not available.
Odor Threshold: Not available.
Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.: The product is more soluble in oil; log(oil/water) = 0.9
Ionicity (in Water): Not available.
Dispersion Properties: See solubility in water, methanol.
Solubility:
Partially soluble in methanol.
Very slightly soluble in cold water.
Insoluble in diethyl ether.
Slightly soluble in alcohol.
Soluble in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMCA) at 13.86; benzyl alcohol at 7.29; propylene glycol at 2.57; chloroform at 1.82; methanol at 1.21; ether at .003; benzene at .002 g/ml at 25 deg. C.
Solubility
in water: 400 mg/l @ 25 deg. C.
Section 10: Stability and Reactivity Data
Stability: The product is stable.
Instability Temperature: Not available.
Conditions of Instability: Heat, incompatible materials, moisture, light
Incompatibility with various substances: Reactive with oxidizing agents.
Corrosivity: Not available.
Special Remarks on Reactivity: Sensitive to light.
Special Remarks on Corrosivity: Not available.
Polymerization:
Will not occur.
Section 11: Toxicological Information
Routes of Entry: Inhalation. Ingestion.
Toxicity to Animals: Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 2764 mg/kg [Mouse].
Chronic Effects on Humans:
MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Mutagenic for bacteria and/or yeast.
May cause damage to the following organs: blood, bone marrow.
Other Toxic Effects on Humans: Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation.
Special Remarks on Toxicity to Animals: Not available.
Special Remarks on Chronic Effects on Humans:
May affect genetic material (mutagenic).
May cause adverse reproductive effects (post implantation mortality, fetotoxicity) based on animal data.
Special Remarks on other Toxic Effects on Humans:
Acute Potential Health Effects:
Skin: May cause skin irritation.
Eyes: May cause eye irritation.
Inhalation: May cause respiratory tract irritation.
Ingestion: May cause gastrointestinal tract irritation with stomach cramps, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting,
diarrhea. May also cause alteration in taste, anorexia, skin rash, dizziness, headache, mental depression,
confusion. It may affect the cardiovascular system (blood pressure lowering), blood (thrombocytopenia), urinary system (hematuria), musculosketal system (joints), metabolism (hyperkalemia).
Chronic Potential Health Effects:
Ingestion: Prolonged or repeated ingestion of high doses may the blood (changes in bone marrow), brain, and
metabolism (weight loss or decreased weight gain, hyperkalemia (abnormally high levels of potassium in the
blood). Possible allergic reaction if inhaled, ingested or in contact with skin.
Medical Conditions Aggravated by Exposure: Hypersensitivity to material, impaired kidney function, and
megaloblastic
anemia due to folic acid deficiency.
Section 12: Ecological Information
Ecotoxicity: Not available.
BOD5 and COD: Not available.
Products of Biodegradation:
Possibly hazardous short term degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products may arise.
Toxicity of the Products of Biodegradation: The product itself and its products of degradation are not toxic.
Special
Remarks on the Products of Biodegradation: Not available.
Section 13: Disposal Considerations
Waste Disposal:
Waste must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state and local environmental
control
regulations.
Section 14: Transport Information
DOT Classification: Not a DOT controlled material (United States).
Identification: Not applicable.
Special Provisions for Transport: Not applicable.
Section 15: Other Regulatory Information
Federal and State Regulations: New Jersey: Trimethoprim
Other Regulations:
OSHA: Hazardous by definition of Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200).
EINECS: This product is on the European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances.
Other Classifications:
WHMIS (Canada): Not controlled under WHMIS (Canada).
DSCL (EEC):
Not available
Not applicable.
HMIS (U.S.A.):
Health Hazard: 1
Fire Hazard: 1
Reactivity: 0
Personal Protection: E
National Fire Protection Association (U.S.A.):
Health: 1
Flammability: 1
Reactivity: 0
Specific hazard:
Protective Equipment:
Gloves.
Lab coat.
Dust respirator. Be sure to use an
approved/certified respirator or
equivalent.
Safety
glasses.
Section 16: Other Information
References: Not available.
Other Special Considerations: Not available.
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SPECIAL DESCRIPTION |
Folic acid is essential for
hematopoiesis. It is reduced to dihydrofolic acid and then tetrahydrofolic acid
, the parent compound of the derivatives that act as coenzyme carriers of
one-carbon groups in various metabolic reactions. In result, trimethoprim
interferes the synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid resulting the inhibition of
the DNA nucleoside synthesis. It is usually used in combination with a
sulfonamide drug, sulfamethoxazole for synergistic effect (in the ratio 1:5).
The molecular structure of sulfonamide class antimicrobial agents is similar to
p-Aminobenzoic acid (PABA) which is needed in bacteria organisms as a substrate
of the enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase for the synthesis of tetrahydrofolic
acid (THF).
Sulfonamides are capable of interfering with the metabolic processes in
bacteria that require PABA. The combination drug interferes with sequential
steps in the metabolism of certain bacteria. But the use of
sulfamethoxazole is declining due to reports of sulfamethoxazole bone marrow
toxicity. The trade names of the combined product are Bactrim and Septra. The
chemical designation of trimethoprim is 5-[(3, 4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-2,
4-pyrimidine diamine. It is a white to yellowish compound with bitter
taste. Sulfamethoxazole is 4-amino-N-(5-methyl-3-isoxazolyl)
benzenesulfonamide or (N1-(5-methyl-3-Isoxazolyl) Sulfanilamide). It
is an white to off-white compound, odorless, tasteless. Dapsone
(4,4'-sulfonylbisbenzenamine) is a parent compound in preparing sulfonamide
antibacterial agents such as acedapsone, acetosulfone, glucosulfone, sulfoxone
and solapsone. Dapsone and its derivatives have bacteriostatic activity against
a broad spectrum of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. Dapsone is a
primary treatment for Dermatitis herpetiformis and in the treatment of leprosy
(Mycobacterium leprae infections) leads to apparent improvementas. It is used
in the prophylaxis of falciparum malaria. It is a white crystalline powder;
melting point 175 - 180C; insoluble in water and vegetable oils. Pentamidine is
also used for the patients who are allergic to trimethoprim or
sulfamethoxazole. Pentamidine is an antiprotozoal agent used as the isethionate
salt to preventi and treat diverse phylum of eukaryotic microorganisms. It is a
nonpyrogenic, lyophilized product. Pentamidine isethionate is a white
crystalline powder; soluble in water and glycerin; insoluble in ether, acetone,
and chloroform. The chemical designation is 4,4'- diamidino-diphenoxypentane
di(beta-hydroxyethanesulfonate).